The most common method to load such firmware is from some removable medium such as a USB stick. To prepare a USB stick (or other medium like a hard drive partition), the firmware files or packages must be placed in either the root directory or a directory named /firmware of the file system on the medium. The recommended file system to use is FAT as that is most certain to be supported during the early stages of the installation.

Tarballs and zip files containing current packages for the most common firmware, and the associated metadata to ensure a proper detection by the installer (dep11 directory), are available from:

Just download the tarball or zip file for the correct release and unpack it to the file system on the medium.

Также, можно копировать на носитель отдельные файлы микропрограммы. Такие микропрограммы можно получить, например, из уже установленной системы или от поставщика оборудования.

Any firmware loaded during the installation will be copied automatically to the installed system. In most cases this will ensure that the device that requires the firmware will also work correctly after the system is rebooted into the installed system. However, if the installed system runs a different kernel version than the installer, there is a slight chance that the firmware cannot be loaded due to version skew.

If the firmware was loaded from a firmware package, debian-installer will also install this package for the installed system and will automatically add the non-free-firmware section of the package archive in APT's sources.list. This has the advantage that the firmware should be updated automatically if a new version becomes available.

Если загрузка микропрограммы была пропущена во время установки, то соответствующее устройство, вероятно, не заработает в установленной системе пока микропрограмма (пакет) не будет установлена вручную.

	Примечание
	Если микропрограмма была загружена из отдельных файлов, то скопированная в установленную систему микропрограмма не будет автоматически обновляться, пока не не будет установлен соответствующий пакет с микропрограммой (если есть) после завершения установки.

Depending on how the installation was performed, it might be that the need for some firmware was not detected during installation, that the relevant firmware was not available, or that one chose not to install some firmware at that time. In some cases, a successful installation can still end up in a black screen or a garbled display when rebooting into the installed system. When that happens, the following workarounds can be tried: